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Does rent control benefit households? Has it, as critics predicted, reduced rental supply in markets where it was already insufficient to meet demand? A Ministry of Housing evaluation report was due at the end of 2023. It will not be released until 2026.

However, based on official data and statistics provided by various private players, has compiled an overview of the situation in five major cities with rent ceilings: Paris, Lille, Lyon, Bordeaux, and Montpellier.

An initial observation is that the implementation of the regulation corresponds, more or less, to a slowing of the rise in median rent per square meter in three cities. In Paris, where the mechanism was implemented in 2015 and then suspended in 2017, “we saw rents rise very quickly when the first phase of the cap was canceled,” said Manuel Domergue, director of studies at the charitable organization Fondation Abbé Pierre. As soon as it was reinstated in 2019, “they began to stagnate or fall again,” he said.

The same slowdown in rent inflation can be seen in Lille, where the plan was also revoked in 2017, but has been reinstated since 2020, and in Lyon, which adopted its framework in 2021.

The issue of rent control is complex, and there is no simple “one size fits all” solution. By critically analyzing the potential impacts on both investors and affordability in specific city contexts, exploring alternative approaches, and encouraging open dialogue among relevant stakeholders, we can work toward a more balanced approach to housing policy that supports both economic viability and the right to safe and affordable housing for all.

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